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Spatial and temporal variations of hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in Indus River Estuary,Pakistan

Identification

Clé publique

doi:10.30955/gnj.003333

Auteurs

—

Année déclarée

2021

Langue déclarée

en

Type source

article

Première détection

2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00

Dernière observation des métadonnées

2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00

Dernière vérification HTTP

Non effectuée

Résumé documentaire — langue originale

Field investigations were conducted to study the seasonal variation of hydrodynamics and sediment transport in Indus River Estuary (IRE), Pakistan. The data of water levels, currents, salinity, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were collected hourly covering both wet and dry seasons. Tidal amplitudes were higher near the mouth than those at the middle and upper estuary. The ebb phase lasted longer than that of the flood during the wet season. The asymmetric tidal pattern with higher ebb velocity was observed during the wet season. A slight difference in current velocity was found during the dry season. The flood currents were higher at middle estuary than those in wet season. During the wet season, salinity variation within a tidal cycle slightly increased from the upper estuary to the mouth. Salinity was substantially higher during the dry season than the wet season at all three stations, with the absence of the flood-ebb variation, showing a strong saltwater intrusion. The SSC data revealed that the sediments were mainly brought into the estuary by freshwater discharge during the wet season. Sediment re-suspension process persists during the dry season, due to the tidal currents. A stronger saltwater intrusion occurred in the dry season due to weak river discharge. An estuarine turbidity maximum zone was formed near station-2 due to the combined effects of tides, river discharge and saltwater intrusion. Overall, field observations have shown a significant spatial and temporal variation in flood/ebb and wet/dry seasons for hydrodynamics and sediment transport in IRE.

Identifiants

OPENALEX

W4200502934

DOI

10.30955/gnj.003333

Repères documentaires

Famille documentaire

Doctrine

Types déclarés par les sources

article

Juridictions étudiées — sources explicites

PK

Entités naturelles mentionnées

Fleuve / rivière

Les mentions d’entités ne constituent pas une preuve de reconnaissance juridique. La juridiction étudiée est distincte du pays d’affiliation des auteurs.

Sources

OpenAlex · Document 1 · Document 2

• DOI · https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003333
• OpenAlex · https://openalex.org/W4200502934

Relations bibliographiques documentées

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• Vulnerability of the Indus River Delta of the North Arabian Sea, Pakistan · CITES

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Statut documentaire

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Bibliothèque

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