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Spatial and temporal variations of hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in Indus River Estuary,Pakistan

Identification

Public canonical key
doi:10.30955/gnj.003333
Authors
—
Reported year
2021
Reported language
en
Source type
article
First detected
2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00
Last metadata observation
2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00
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Documentary abstract — original language

Field investigations were conducted to study the seasonal variation of hydrodynamics and sediment transport in Indus River Estuary (IRE), Pakistan. The data of water levels, currents, salinity, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were collected hourly covering both wet and dry seasons. Tidal amplitudes were higher near the mouth than those at the middle and upper estuary. The ebb phase lasted longer than that of the flood during the wet season. The asymmetric tidal pattern with higher ebb velocity was observed during the wet season. A slight difference in current velocity was found during the dry season. The flood currents were higher at middle estuary than those in wet season. During the wet season, salinity variation within a tidal cycle slightly increased from the upper estuary to the mouth. Salinity was substantially higher during the dry season than the wet season at all three stations, with the absence of the flood-ebb variation, showing a strong saltwater intrusion. The SSC data revealed that the sediments were mainly brought into the estuary by freshwater discharge during the wet season. Sediment re-suspension process persists during the dry season, due to the tidal currents. A stronger saltwater intrusion occurred in the dry season due to weak river discharge. An estuarine turbidity maximum zone was formed near station-2 due to the combined effects of tides, river discharge and saltwater intrusion. Overall, field observations have shown a significant spatial and temporal variation in flood/ebb and wet/dry seasons for hydrodynamics and sediment transport in IRE.

Identifiers

OPENALEX
W4200502934
DOI
10.30955/gnj.003333

Documentary context

Documentary family
Scholarship
Source-reported types
article
Jurisdictions studied — explicit sources
PK
Natural entities mentioned
River

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Sources

OpenAlex · Record 1 · Record 2

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  • openalex:w1659095121 · CITES
  • openalex:w1973967941 · CITES
  • openalex:w1974506265 · CITES
  • openalex:w1996487489 · CITES
  • openalex:w2013620799 · CITES
  • openalex:w2100148479 · CITES
  • openalex:w2147513559 · CITES
  • openalex:w2165364528 · CITES
  • openalex:w2182007992 · CITES
  • openalex:w23503754 · CITES
  • openalex:w2792020470 · CITES
  • openalex:w2888493296 · CITES
  • openalex:w2943538985 · CITES
  • openalex:w2953926769 · CITES
  • openalex:w4238844160 · CITES
  • openalex:w4250863967 · CITES
  • Vulnerability of the Indus River Delta of the North Arabian Sea, Pakistan · CITES

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Cite this reference

Spatial and temporal variations of hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in Indus River Estuary,Pakistan. 2021. https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003333

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APA
(2021). Spatial and temporal variations of hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in Indus River Estuary,Pakistan. https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003333
Chicago
Spatial and temporal variations of hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in Indus River Estuary,Pakistan. 2021. https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003333
ISO 690
Spatial and temporal variations of hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in Indus River Estuary,Pakistan. 2021. https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003333

UDTR Global Rights of Nature Legal Library. Spatial and temporal variations of hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in Indus River Estuary,Pakistan. Documentary record: https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-a530d5d52a8cddedfade1bf6a8b2e58e/ · Last HTTP verification: not performed

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Field provenance and record version

Version 97c0a171d1a59f7c · udtr-reference-1.1.2

Title
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00
Year
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00
Identifiers
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00
Source URL
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00

History tracks record metadata and does not certify the state of the law.

44dae053f605370e · 2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00

693beb2e1dda6519 · 2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00

d922b1f74fe37c0b · 2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00

97c0a171d1a59f7c · 2026-11-09T19:18:18.019936+00:00

Frozen-version metadata

Research dossiers and documentary relations

PK ·

Source roles

Discovery source · https://doi.org/10.30955/gnj.003333

Discovery source · https://openalex.org/W4200502934

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