UDTR Global Rights of Nature Radar

Green Tourism and Spatial Planning Conflict: A Comparative Study of Ecotourism Regulations in Indonesia and New Zealand

Identification

Public canonical key

doi:10.59890/ijels.v4i4.320

Authors

Indri Septiana · Sunarno · M. Endriyo Susila

Reported year

2026

Reported language

en

Source type

article

First detected

2026-11-09T19:17:55.259231+00:00

Last metadata observation

2026-11-09T19:17:55.259231+00:00

Last HTTP verification

Not checked

Institutions reported by the source

Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta

Documentary abstract — original language

The land conversion in the Sentul–Puncak area for tourism development by a regional state- owned enterprise (BUMD) illustrates a systemic failure in Indonesia's spatial and environmental governance. Fragmented regulations across spatial planning, environmental protection, and tourism law have weakened monitoring and enforcement mechanisms, making them vulnerable to political and short- term investment interests. This article aims to analyze the legal conflict in spatial planning within tourism development and propose an integrative regulatory model based on green zoning grounded in ecological sustainability. Using a normative legal approach with qualitative methods, this study applies four approaches: statutory, conceptual, case-based, and comparative. The Indonesian legal system is compared with New Zealand’s effective eco-tourism framework, as reflected in the Resource Management Act 1991, Conservation Act 1987, the application of ecological carrying capacity, and mandatory sustainability certification through Qualmark. The study finds that Indonesia urgently requires regulatory reform, including the implementation of ecological zoning, mandatory sustainability certification for tourism businesses, and substantive community participation in land-use oversight. The legal novelty proposed in this study lies in the integration of spatial, environmental, and tourism law through a unified permit system and the establishment of community-based oversight forums. This model is expected to prevent spatial conflicts and strengthen the foundation of green tourism that responds to both ecological challenges and spatial justice in Indonesia.

Identifiers

OPENALEX

W7161624349

DOI

10.59890/ijels.v4i4.320

Documentary context

Documentary family

Scholarship

Source-reported types

article

Jurisdictions studied — explicit sources

ID · NZ

Entity mentions are not evidence of legal recognition. Jurisdiction studied is separate from author affiliation country.

Sources

OpenAlex · Record 1 · Record 2

• DOI · https://doi.org/10.59890/ijels.v4i4.320
• OpenAlex · https://openalex.org/W7161624349

Documented bibliographic relations

Source-declared references and links; they do not establish legal support or UGLC qualification. Up to 20 outgoing references are displayed.

• openalex:w1518025024 · CITES
• Sustainable management, a sustainable ethic? · CITES
• openalex:w1989763974 · CITES
• openalex:w2030504032 · CITES
• openalex:w2061935394 · CITES
• openalex:w2073444783 · CITES
• openalex:w2120835013 · CITES
• openalex:w2171575424 · CITES
• openalex:w2297772082 · CITES
• openalex:w2305288095 · CITES
• openalex:w2464422675 · CITES
• openalex:w2479875217 · CITES
• openalex:w2508278584 · CITES
• openalex:w2528454711 · CITES
• openalex:w2580171699 · CITES
• openalex:w2623703952 · CITES
• openalex:w2897386646 · CITES
• openalex:w2945311740 · CITES
• openalex:w2946546307 · CITES
• openalex:w3077445660 · CITES

0 incoming references within the detected corpus

Documentary status

Relevance pending

Library

This identity is not yet included in the Legal Library.