UDTR — Radar mondial des droits de la Nature

ジョン・ロックにおける快楽と苦痛の原理 : エピクロスとの比較を通じて

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radar:r-53162545be490dd362514b5afc31373a

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Japanese

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2026-11-13T08:59:26.514144+00:00

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2026-11-13T08:59:26.514144+00:00

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Résumé documentaire — langue originale

application/pdf This paper considers whether Locke's moral philosophy should be classified as a version of hedonism or as a kind of deontology. We know, on the one hand, that Locke has established a system of the law of nature. He sees the law of nature as the order imposed by God who created human beings and other creatures. We are also aware, on the other hand, that Locke has referred to the hedonistic principle of human actions, one that describes in terms of pleasures and pains how human beings are actually motivated to act. The former position seems to imply a non-consequentialist theory; the latter shows an affinity with utilitarianism. These positions seem to be in conflict. This paper pays close attention to the relationship which seems to hold between Locke's theory and Epicureanism, treating the latter as a type of ethical hedonism. Catherine Wilson points out that there is a similarity between Locke's and Epicurus's moral theory. She regards Locke's theory of natural law as a minimal moral framework, one that supplies basic ethical postulates while also leaving some liberty for the individuals concerned. Wilson claims that Locke followed the Epicurean tradition. However, Locke's theory of natural law serves as a system of absolute rules by which God commands the actions of his creatures. Liberty, says Locke, consists not in acting arbitrarily, but in controlling each one's property within the limits of the law of nature. This paper concludes that Locke's hedonistic principle is a general description of the motive of human actions, while it does not provide a norm for moral actions. While Epicurus's moral theory is a version of ethical hedonism based on a particular conception of human nature, Locke's own theory is a kind of deontology which rests on the law of nature.

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OpenAIRE

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