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How to Compensate Forest Ecosystem Services Through Restorative Justice: An Analysis Based on Typical Cases in China

Identification

Clé publique

radar:r-3cef118933cbe99e3b2447d32616d680

Auteurs

Haoran Gao · Tenglong Lin

Année déclarée

2025

Langue déclarée

en

Type source

article

Première détection

2026-11-14T09:37:00.143567+00:00

Dernière observation des métadonnées

2026-11-14T09:37:00.143567+00:00

Dernière vérification HTTP

Non effectuée

Institutions déclarées par la source

Sun Yat-sen University · China University of Political Science and Law

Pays d’affiliation déclarés

CN

Résumé documentaire — langue originale

The ongoing degradation of global forests has severely weakened ecosystem service functions, and traditional judicial remedies have struggled to quantify intangible ecological losses. China has become an important testing ground for restorative justice through the establishment of specialized environmental courts and the practice of environmental public interest litigation. Since 2015, China has actively explored and institutionalized the application of the concept of restorative justice in its environmental justice reform. This concept emphasizes compensating environmental damages through actual ecological restoration acts rather than relying solely on financial compensation. This shift reflects a deep understanding of the limitations of traditional environmental justice and an institutional response to China’s ecological civilization construction, providing critical support for forest ecosystem restoration and enabling ecological restoration activities, such as replanting and re-greening, habitat reconstruction, etc., to be enforced through judicial decisions. This study conducts a qualitative analysis of judicial rulings in forest restoration cases to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of restorative justice in compensating for losses in forest ecosystem service functions. The findings reveal the following: (1) restoration measures in judicial practice are disconnected from the types of ecosystem services available; (2) non-market values and long-term cumulative damages are systematically underestimated, with monitoring mechanisms exhibiting fragmented implementation and insufficient effectiveness; (3) management cycles are set in violation of ecological restoration principles, and acceptance standards lack function-oriented indicators; (4) participation of key stakeholders is severely lacking, and local knowledge and professional expertise have not been integrated. In response, this study proposes a restorative judicial framework oriented toward forest ecosystem services, utilizing four mechanisms: independent recognition of legal interests, function-matched restoration, application of scientific assessment tools, and multi-stakeholder collaboration. This framework aims to drive a paradigm shift from formal restoration to substantive functional recovery, providing theoretical support and practical pathways for environmental judicial reform and global forest governance.

Identifiants

OPENALEX

https://openalex.org/W4412887111

DOI

10.3390/f16081254

Repères documentaires

Famille documentaire

article

Types déclarés par les sources

article

Éditeurs

Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

Les mentions d’entités ne constituent pas une preuve de reconnaissance juridique. La juridiction étudiée est distincte du pays d’affiliation des auteurs.

Sources

OpenAlex · Document 1

• Document · https://doi.org/10.3390/f16081254

Statut documentaire

Pertinence à examiner

Bibliothèque

Cette identité n’est pas encore intégrée à la Bibliothèque juridique.