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A Normative Model of Overtourism with Implications for Sustainable Destination Management

Identification

Public canonical key
doi:10.54175/hsustain4010001
Authors
Michael A. Tarrant · Mikell Gleason · Steven Boyd · Tony Wellington
Reported year
2025
Reported language
en
Source type
article
First detected
2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00
Last metadata observation
2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00
Last HTTP verification
Not checked

Institutions reported by the source

Central Queensland University · University of Georgia · University of South Australia

Reported affiliation countries

AU · US

Documentary abstract — original language

We adopt a normative model of crowd tolerance (expressed as a willingness to support more or fewer tourists) as a proxy for overtourism. Consistent with Social Exchange Theory, it is proposed that a person will perceive the impacts of tourism at a destination as positive or negative depending on the extent to which they view visitor levels as under or over a threshold that they expect or support (i.e., their norms or tolerance level). A total of 420 residents and 1048 visitors completed a survey interview in the tourist shire of Noosa between 2022 and 2024. Results show that residents and visitors differed significantly on many of the perceived tourism impacts, with long-term residents less favorable to the positive impacts than visitors. There was broad consensus across both residents and tourists, and the highest level of agreement, with negative impacts (especially that tourism contributes to traffic and parking congestion, and higher prices). The lowest levels of agreement with positive tourism impacts were found for “over tourists” (respondents who supported a fewer number of tourists). Implications for sustainable destination management are discussed in the context of the Quadruple Bottom Line, including efforts that enable tourism communities to grow well using a guardianship ethos and collective action of Gifts and Gains.

Identifiers

OPENALEX
W4407561816
DOI
10.54175/hsustain4010001

Documentary context

Documentary family
Scholarship
Source-reported types
article

Entity mentions are not evidence of legal recognition. Jurisdiction studied is separate from author affiliation country.

Sources

OpenAlex · Record 1 · Record 2

Documented bibliographic relations

Source-declared references and links; they do not establish legal support or UGLC qualification. Up to 20 outgoing references are displayed.

  • openalex:w157294865 · CITES
  • openalex:w169679081 · CITES
  • openalex:w1825594827 · CITES
  • openalex:w1843477012 · CITES
  • openalex:w1967288915 · CITES
  • openalex:w1970065662 · CITES
  • openalex:w2004252078 · CITES
  • openalex:w2015699823 · CITES
  • openalex:w2032468416 · CITES
  • openalex:w2034923419 · CITES
  • openalex:w2054592136 · CITES
  • openalex:w2065968736 · CITES
  • openalex:w2104524782 · CITES
  • openalex:w2128093182 · CITES
  • openalex:w2129899293 · CITES
  • openalex:w2147994105 · CITES
  • openalex:w2151592371 · CITES
  • openalex:w2399916527 · CITES
  • openalex:w2793920413 · CITES
  • openalex:w2803385164 · CITES

0 incoming references within the detected corpus

Documentary field provenance

Source-backed values and values with unresolved provenance are kept separately. Bibliographic provenance validates no legal claim.

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Authors
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Jurisdiction
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Official identifier
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Amendment / repeal
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Cite this reference

Michael A. Tarrant; Mikell Gleason; Steven Boyd; Tony Wellington. A Normative Model of Overtourism with Implications for Sustainable Destination Management. 2025. https://doi.org/10.54175/hsustain4010001

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APA, Chicago, ISO 690: bibliographic formats using available fields. OSCOLA / Bluebook: structured data only; full legal citation compliance is not claimed without verification of required elements.

APA
Michael A. Tarrant; Mikell Gleason; Steven Boyd; Tony Wellington. (2025). A Normative Model of Overtourism with Implications for Sustainable Destination Management. https://doi.org/10.54175/hsustain4010001
Chicago
Michael A. Tarrant; Mikell Gleason; Steven Boyd; Tony Wellington. A Normative Model of Overtourism with Implications for Sustainable Destination Management. 2025. https://doi.org/10.54175/hsustain4010001
ISO 690
Michael A. Tarrant; Mikell Gleason; Steven Boyd; Tony Wellington. A Normative Model of Overtourism with Implications for Sustainable Destination Management. 2025. https://doi.org/10.54175/hsustain4010001

UDTR Global Rights of Nature Legal Library. A Normative Model of Overtourism with Implications for Sustainable Destination Management. Documentary record: https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-feaa728fdbf384ee9be6790bda1288b3/ · Last HTTP verification: not performed

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Field provenance and record version

Version 59356acda8f136da · udtr-reference-1.1.2

Title
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00
Authors
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00
Year
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00
Identifiers
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00
Source URL
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00

History tracks record metadata and does not certify the state of the law.

a5e9a099ca6c8b14 · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00

bdb8128d81a812ef · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00

7dc3e99176a7a112 · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00

59356acda8f136da · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.711406+00:00

Frozen-version metadata

Research dossiers and documentary relations

Central Queensland University

University of Georgia

University of South Australia

Michael A. Tarrant

Mikell Gleason

Steven Boyd

Tony Wellington

Source roles

Discovery source · https://doi.org/10.54175/hsustain4010001

Discovery source · https://openalex.org/W4407561816

An authority link alone does not verify a legal claim. Abstracts and full texts remain subject to their source terms.

Documentary status

Relevance pending

Library

This identity is not yet included in the Legal Library.

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