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Nature as a Legal Person: Proxy Constellations in Law

Identification

Public canonical key
doi:10.1080/1535685x.2020.1763596
Authors
Andreas Fischer-Lescano
Reported year
2020
Reported language
en
Source type
article
First detected
2026-11-09T19:04:47.518373+00:00
Last metadata observation
2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00
Last HTTP verification
Not checked

Institutions reported by the source

University of Bremen

Documentary abstract — original language

Thirty years after the Hamburg seals case, autonomous rights for nature are no longer a merely utopian idea, but a social reality— and, in view of urgent ecological questions, a necessity. By expanding the stakeholder status in politics and law, ecosystems and animals are being empowered de lege lata to enforce their rights as non-human legal persons in the courts. I will first trace current trends in the juridical personification of non-human persons. I will then explore the potential for opening the concept of legal personhood to non-human legal persons from a theoretical perspective—considering the limitations of this approach as well. Finally, I will sketch out the current framework for legal action brought by non-human persons in German, European, and international law.

Identifiers

DOI
10.1080/1535685x.2020.1763596
OPENALEX
W3028623942

Documentary context

Documentary family
Scholarship
Source-reported types
article
Natural entities mentioned
Ecosystem

Entity mentions are not evidence of legal recognition. Jurisdiction studied is separate from author affiliation country.

Sources

OpenAlex · Record 1 · Record 2

Documented bibliographic relations

Source-declared references and links; they do not establish legal support or UGLC qualification. Up to 20 outgoing references are displayed.

    22 incoming references within the detected corpus

    Documentary field provenance

    Source-backed values and values with unresolved provenance are kept separately. Bibliographic provenance validates no legal claim.

    Title
    Documentary source reported
    Publication
    Documentary source reported
    Authors
    Documentary source reported
    Document type
    Documentary source reported
    Jurisdiction
    Not recorded
    Court
    Not recorded
    Issuing authority
    Not recorded
    Publisher
    Not recorded
    DOI
    Documentary source reported
    ISBN
    Not recorded
    Official identifier
    Not recorded
    Source URL
    Documentary source reported
    Source-reported status
    Not recorded
    Amendment / repeal
    Not recorded

    Cite this reference

    Andreas Fischer-Lescano. Nature as a Legal Person: Proxy Constellations in Law. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/1535685x.2020.1763596

    JSON · CSL-JSON · BibTeX · RIS · CSV · JSON-LD ·

    APA, Chicago, ISO 690: bibliographic formats using available fields. OSCOLA / Bluebook: structured data only; full legal citation compliance is not claimed without verification of required elements.

    APA
    Andreas Fischer-Lescano. (2020). Nature as a Legal Person: Proxy Constellations in Law. https://doi.org/10.1080/1535685x.2020.1763596
    Chicago
    Andreas Fischer-Lescano. Nature as a Legal Person: Proxy Constellations in Law. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/1535685x.2020.1763596
    ISO 690
    Andreas Fischer-Lescano. Nature as a Legal Person: Proxy Constellations in Law. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/1535685x.2020.1763596

    UDTR Global Rights of Nature Legal Library. Nature as a Legal Person: Proxy Constellations in Law. Documentary record: https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-cad41ad7cd6c3ff5bbed3fa22aa7514f/ · Last HTTP verification: not performed

    Report a correction

    Field provenance and record version

    Version 9cbe5e366d094060 · udtr-reference-1.1.2

    Title
    OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00
    Authors
    OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00
    Year
    OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00
    Identifiers
    OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00
    Source URL
    OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00
    Source-reported author ORCID
    OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00

    History tracks record metadata and does not certify the state of the law.

    f95e208b7d2b71fb · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00

    1a5b1c5d8433afa6 · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00

    22f44dd7501c0146 · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00

    9cbe5e366d094060 · 2026-11-09T19:08:56.016512+00:00

    Frozen-version metadata

    Research dossiers and documentary relations

    University of Bremen

    Andreas Fischer-Lescano

    Source roles

    Discovery source · https://doi.org/10.1080/1535685x.2020.1763596

    Discovery source · https://openalex.org/W3028623942

    An authority link alone does not verify a legal claim. Abstracts and full texts remain subject to their source terms.

    Documentary status

    Documentary validated

    Library

    View in the Legal Library →

    UDTR Global Rights of Nature Legal Library