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Achieving the 30 by 30 Biodiversity Target in Canada through Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas

Identification

Public canonical key
doi:10.20944/preprints202508.1771.v1
Authors
Keshab Thapa · Shirley Thompson · Stewart Hill
Reported year
2025
Reported language
en
Source type
article
First detected
2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00
Last metadata observation
2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00
Last HTTP verification
Not checked

Institutions reported by the source

University of Manitoba

Reported affiliation countries

CA

Documentary abstract — original language

Canada has committed to the United Nations Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), including protecting 30% of land and sea by 2030 while recognizing Indigenous rights. By 2024, Canada has conserved 13.8% of terrestrial and 15.5% of marine protected and conserved areas (PCAs), leaving a major gap in protection. This article posits that Indigenous protected and conserved areas (IPCAs) are the best way to protect an additional 160 million hectares of land and 80 million hectares of sea required to meet GBF target 3 by 2030 and fulfill UNDRIP commitments, and reconciliation promises. We explore this potential by mapping IPCAs against governance, critical habitats for species at risk, peatlands, and greenstone belts. Currently, Indigenous governance is underrepresented; of nearly 15,000 PCAs, only 96 (Rangifer tarandus caribou) and other endangered species.

Identifiers

OPENALEX
W7117315953
DOI
10.20944/preprints202508.1771.v1 · 10.4236/gep.2025.1312024

Documentary context

Documentary family
Scholarship
Source-reported types
article
Jurisdictions studied — explicit sources
CA
Natural entities mentioned
Sea · Species

Entity mentions are not evidence of legal recognition. Jurisdiction studied is separate from author affiliation country.

Sources

OpenAlex · Record 1 · Record 2

Documented bibliographic relations

Source-declared references and links; they do not establish legal support or UGLC qualification. Up to 20 outgoing references are displayed.

  • openalex:w2002682820 · CITES
  • openalex:w2491477437 · CITES
  • openalex:w2840063536 · CITES
  • openalex:w2894967469 · CITES
  • openalex:w2899340397 · CITES
  • openalex:w2908113857 · CITES
  • openalex:w2995489816 · CITES
  • openalex:w3010280996 · CITES
  • openalex:w3042626839 · CITES
  • openalex:w3048520469 · CITES
  • openalex:w3081956964 · CITES
  • openalex:w3091919204 · CITES
  • openalex:w3108104787 · CITES
  • openalex:w3163784363 · CITES
  • openalex:w3169740594 · CITES
  • openalex:w4321209202 · CITES
  • openalex:w4323833127 · CITES
  • openalex:w4328119341 · CITES
  • openalex:w4366769875 · CITES
  • openalex:w4387133922 · CITES

0 incoming references within the detected corpus

Documentary field provenance

Source-backed values and values with unresolved provenance are kept separately. Bibliographic provenance validates no legal claim.

Title
Documentary source reported
Publication
Documentary source reported
Authors
Documentary source reported
Document type
Documentary source reported
Jurisdiction
Studied subject derived from explicit documentary context
Court
Not recorded
Issuing authority
Not recorded
Publisher
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DOI
Provenance unresolved
ISBN
Not recorded
Official identifier
Not recorded
Source URL
Provenance unresolved
Source-reported status
Not recorded
Amendment / repeal
Not recorded

Cite this reference

Keshab Thapa; Shirley Thompson; Stewart Hill. Achieving the 30 by 30 Biodiversity Target in Canada through Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas. 2025. https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-52606b5273dd573c7e48e44eeabaaecc/

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APA, Chicago, ISO 690: bibliographic formats using available fields. OSCOLA / Bluebook: structured data only; full legal citation compliance is not claimed without verification of required elements.

APA
Keshab Thapa; Shirley Thompson; Stewart Hill. (2025). Achieving the 30 by 30 Biodiversity Target in Canada through Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas. https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-52606b5273dd573c7e48e44eeabaaecc/
Chicago
Keshab Thapa; Shirley Thompson; Stewart Hill. Achieving the 30 by 30 Biodiversity Target in Canada through Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas. 2025. https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-52606b5273dd573c7e48e44eeabaaecc/
ISO 690
Keshab Thapa; Shirley Thompson; Stewart Hill. Achieving the 30 by 30 Biodiversity Target in Canada through Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas. 2025. https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-52606b5273dd573c7e48e44eeabaaecc/

UDTR Global Rights of Nature Legal Library. Achieving the 30 by 30 Biodiversity Target in Canada through Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas. Documentary record: https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-52606b5273dd573c7e48e44eeabaaecc/ · Last HTTP verification: not performed

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Field provenance and record version

Version 9c2cf8edae1a4c5d · udtr-reference-1.1.2

Title
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00
Authors
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00
Year
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00
Identifiers
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00
Source URL
OpenAlex · source · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00

History tracks record metadata and does not certify the state of the law.

fb89b61ae8dad818 · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00

f472cd4035770cac · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00

0ff630e820901bbd · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00

9c2cf8edae1a4c5d · 2026-11-09T19:04:47.796039+00:00

Frozen-version metadata

Research dossiers and documentary relations

CA ·

University of Manitoba

Keshab Thapa

Shirley Thompson

Stewart Hill

Source roles

Bibliographic / original publication source · https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202508.1771.v1

Discovery source · https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2025.1312024

Discovery source · https://openalex.org/W7117315953

An authority link alone does not verify a legal claim. Abstracts and full texts remain subject to their source terms.

Documentary status

Relevance pending

Library

This identity is not yet included in the Legal Library.

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