Ammonium Polyphosphate: Modification Strategies and Synergistic Flame-Retardant Applications
Identification
- Public canonical key
- radar:r-2bc50216a5eee03a67efe0b325fc254d
- Authors
- Yina Liu · Rongjie Yang · Zhaolu Qin · Wei Zhang · Dinghua Li
- Reported year
- 2026
- Reported language
- en
- Source type
- review
- First detected
- 2026-11-14T02:13:18.125921+00:00
- Last metadata observation
- 2026-11-14T02:13:18.125921+00:00
- Last HTTP verification
- Not checked
Institutions reported by the source
Beijing Institute of Technology
Reported affiliation countries
CN
Documentary abstract — original language
Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is widely used in intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) systems because of its environmental friendliness, low cost, and high flame-retardant efficiency. However, its practical applications are limited by high hygroscopicity, poor compatibility with organic substrates, and the high loading required in single-component systems. To address these limitations, extensive studies have been conducted on APP modification and synergistic flame-retardant systems. This review systematically summarizes the modification strategies and flame-retardant mechanisms of APP. The synergistic flame-retardant effects and mechanisms of APP combined with silicon-, boron-, and metal-containing compounds are also discussed. In addition, the effects on the flame-retardant performance of different structural characteristics, such as nanostructures, layered structures, and ring structures, are reviewed. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of APP-based flame-retardant systems are highlighted. This review provides useful guidance for the design, optimization, and practical application of advanced APP-based intumescent flame-retardant materials.
Identifiers
- OPENALEX
- https://openalex.org/W7169850058
- DOI
- 10.3390/polym18141786
- PMID
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42514837
- PMCID
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13417954
Documentary context
- Documentary family
- unknown
- Source-reported types
- review
- Publishers
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Entity mentions are not evidence of legal recognition. Jurisdiction studied is separate from author affiliation country.
Sources
OpenAlex · Record 1
Cite this reference
Yina Liu; Rongjie Yang; Zhaolu Qin; Wei Zhang; Dinghua Li. Ammonium Polyphosphate: Modification Strategies and Synergistic Flame-Retardant Applications. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18141786
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- APA
- Yina Liu; Rongjie Yang; Zhaolu Qin; Wei Zhang; Dinghua Li. (2026). Ammonium Polyphosphate: Modification Strategies and Synergistic Flame-Retardant Applications. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18141786
- Chicago
- Yina Liu; Rongjie Yang; Zhaolu Qin; Wei Zhang; Dinghua Li. Ammonium Polyphosphate: Modification Strategies and Synergistic Flame-Retardant Applications. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18141786
- ISO 690
- Yina Liu; Rongjie Yang; Zhaolu Qin; Wei Zhang; Dinghua Li. Ammonium Polyphosphate: Modification Strategies and Synergistic Flame-Retardant Applications. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18141786
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UDTR Global Rights of Nature Legal Library. Ammonium Polyphosphate: Modification Strategies and Synergistic Flame-Retardant Applications. Documentary record: https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-2bc50216a5eee03a67efe0b325fc254d/ · Last HTTP verification: not performed
Research dossiers and documentary relations
Source roles
Bibliographic / original publication source · https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18141786
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Documentary status
Relevance pending
Library
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