{"id":"r-8bd76c581b3b60b82b4f2e19f4050f4e","title":"Policing in the Shadows: Undercover Buying and the Social Construction of Legal Evidence in Indonesia’s Post-KUHAP 2025 Criminal Justice System","authors":["Tubagus Heru Dharma Wijaya","Abdul Madjid","Setiawan Noerdajasakti","Lucky Endrawati"],"year":2026,"type":"scholarship","language":"en","jurisdictions":["ID"],"identifiers":{"openalex":["W7163815990"],"doi":["10.30598/baileofisipvol3iss3pp705-722"]},"permanent_url":"https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-8bd76c581b3b60b82b4f2e19f4050f4e/","source_urls":["https://doi.org/10.30598/baileofisipvol3iss3pp705-722","https://openalex.org/W7163815990"],"courts":[],"publishers":[],"legislative_bodies":[],"reported_dates":[],"named_natural_entities":[],"book_relations":{"parent_book_id":null,"chapter_ids":[]},"documentary_status":"SCHOLARLY_CANDIDATE","first_indexed":"2026-11-10T13:56:29.706380+00:00","last_metadata_update":"2026-11-10T13:56:29.706584+00:00","last_verified":null,"rights":"Bibliographic facts only; third-party source terms apply. No abstract/full-text redistribution.","recorded_source_links":[],"validation_status":"RELEVANCE_PENDING","public_library_admissible":true,"public_library_url":"https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-legal-library/?ref=r-8bd76c581b3b60b82b4f2e19f4050f4e","uglc_assessment":{"effectiveness":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"An identified document or linked legal reference provides a targeted research lead for this axis. Substantive examination remains necessary; titles, abstracts and citations do not constitute qualification.","reason_fr":"Une source documentaire identifiée ou une référence juridique liée offre une piste ciblée pour cet axe. Son examen substantiel reste nécessaire ; le titre, le résumé et les citations ne constituent pas une qualification.","sources":[],"status":"TO_RESEARCH","terms":[]},"legal_status":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]},"object":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]},"obligations":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"An identified document or linked legal reference provides a targeted research lead for this axis. Substantive examination remains necessary; titles, abstracts and citations do not constitute qualification.","reason_fr":"Une source documentaire identifiée ou une référence juridique liée offre une piste ciblée pour cet axe. Son examen substantiel reste nécessaire ; le titre, le résumé et les citations ne constituent pas une qualification.","sources":[],"status":"TO_RESEARCH","terms":[]},"remedies":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]},"representation":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]},"standing":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]},"substantive_rights":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]}},"qualified_axis_count":0,"uglc_method":"UGLC_EVIDENCE_RESOLUTION_3.0","record_version":"d87d91808edfed2a","provenance_url":"/api/v1/records/r-8bd76c581b3b60b82b4f2e19f4050f4e/provenance?snapshot=ledger-20261110-222051Z-490bf65e","author_identifiers":[{"name":"Abdul Madjid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9918-8405","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.30598/baileofisipvol3iss3pp705-722","identity_basis":"SOURCE_ASSERTED_ORCID_CHECKSUM_VALID"},{"name":"Setiawan Noerdajasakti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1573-1996","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.30598/baileofisipvol3iss3pp705-722","identity_basis":"SOURCE_ASSERTED_ORCID_CHECKSUM_VALID"},{"name":"Lucky Endrawati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3607-8232","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.30598/baileofisipvol3iss3pp705-722","identity_basis":"SOURCE_ASSERTED_ORCID_CHECKSUM_VALID"}],"institution_identifiers":[{"name":"University of Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.30598/baileofisipvol3iss3pp705-722","identity_basis":"SOURCE_ASSERTED_ROR_FORMAT_CHECKED"}],"citation_data":{"id":"https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-8bd76c581b3b60b82b4f2e19f4050f4e/","type":"article-journal","URL":"https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-8bd76c581b3b60b82b4f2e19f4050f4e/","title":"Policing in the Shadows: Undercover Buying and the Social Construction of Legal Evidence in Indonesia’s Post-KUHAP 2025 Criminal Justice System","author":[{"literal":"Tubagus Heru Dharma Wijaya"},{"literal":"Abdul Madjid"},{"literal":"Setiawan Noerdajasakti"},{"literal":"Lucky Endrawati"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"language":"en","DOI":"10.30598/baileofisipvol3iss3pp705-722"},"legal_lifecycle":[],"source_link_assessment":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.30598/baileofisipvol3iss3pp705-722","exists_in_metadata":true,"syntactically_valid":true,"resolves":"NOT_CHECKED","http_verified_at":null,"source_role":"discovery","source_role_is_not_legal_validation":true,"full_text_accessible":"NOT_TESTED_METADATA_ONLY"},{"url":"https://openalex.org/W7163815990","exists_in_metadata":true,"syntactically_valid":true,"resolves":"NOT_CHECKED","http_verified_at":null,"source_role":"discovery","source_role_is_not_legal_validation":true,"full_text_accessible":"NOT_TESTED_METADATA_ONLY"}],"legal_authority_status":"NOT_CONFERRED_BY_DISCOVERY"}