{"id":"r-1a68728ad4e0bbb8d60733cda4fb35e8","title":"Should Trees Have Standing?: Law, Morality, and the Environment","authors":["Christopher D. Stone"],"year":2010,"type":"scholarship","language":"en","jurisdictions":[],"identifiers":{"openalex":["W334650069"],"isbn":["0199736073","9780199736072"]},"permanent_url":"https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-1a68728ad4e0bbb8d60733cda4fb35e8/","source_urls":["https://global.oup.com/academic/product/should-trees-have-standing-9780199736072","https://openalex.org/W334650069"],"courts":[],"publishers":["Oxford University Press"],"legislative_bodies":[],"reported_dates":[],"named_natural_entities":[],"book_relations":{"parent_book_id":null,"chapter_ids":[]},"documentary_status":"LEGAL_LIBRARY_INCLUDED","first_indexed":"2026-11-09T19:04:47.827298+00:00","last_metadata_update":"2026-11-09T19:10:48.657392+00:00","last_verified":null,"rights":"Bibliographic facts only; third-party source terms apply. No abstract/full-text redistribution.","recorded_source_links":[],"validation_status":"LEGALLY_QUALIFIED","public_library_admissible":true,"public_library_url":"https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-legal-library/?ref=stone-2010","uglc_assessment":{"effectiveness":{"basis":"LEGACY_UNCERTAINTY","reason_en":"A proposed legal classification remains uncertain. Optional human review may enrich it; it blocks neither access nor publication.","reason_fr":"Une proposition juridique reste incertaine. Une revue humaine facultative peut l’enrichir ; elle ne bloque ni la consultation ni la publication.","sources":[],"status":"TO_VALIDATE","terms":[],"verified_at":"2026-11-07"},"legal_status":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]},"object":{"basis":"HUMAN_REVIEW","reason_en":"Value(s) supported by approved evidence; each evidence item retains its own scope.","reason_fr":"Valeur(s) étayée(s) par les preuves approuvées ; la portée de chaque preuve est conservée.","sources":[{"axis":"object","basis":"EXISTING_APPROVED_EVIDENCE","locator":"OUPblog introduction, paragraph 3","reason_en":"Nature is the subject of advocacy.","reason_fr":"La nature fait l’objet du plaidoyer.","scope":"scholarly_proposal","source_title":"Should Trees Have Standing? Law, Morality, and the Environment","source_url":"https://blog.oup.com/2010/03/real-life-lorax/","term":"nature","verified_at":"2026-11-07"}],"status":"QUALIFIED","terms":["nature"],"verified_at":"2026-11-07"},"obligations":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]},"remedies":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]},"representation":{"basis":"HUMAN_REVIEW","reason_en":"Value(s) supported by approved evidence; each evidence item retains its own scope.","reason_fr":"Valeur(s) étayée(s) par les preuves approuvées ; la portée de chaque preuve est conservée.","sources":[{"axis":"representation","basis":"EXISTING_APPROVED_EVIDENCE","locator":"Excerpt, paragraphs Second and Hence","reason_en":"The excerpt proposes institutionalised guardians for commons.","reason_fr":"L’extrait propose des gardiens institutionnalisés pour les communs.","scope":"scholarly_proposal","source_title":"Should Trees Have Standing? Law, Morality, and the Environment","source_url":"https://blog.oup.com/2010/03/real-life-lorax/","term":"guardian","verified_at":"2026-11-07"}],"status":"QUALIFIED","terms":["guardian"],"verified_at":"2026-11-07"},"standing":{"basis":"HUMAN_REVIEW","reason_en":"Value(s) supported by approved evidence; each evidence item retains its own scope.","reason_fr":"Valeur(s) étayée(s) par les preuves approuvées ; la portée de chaque preuve est conservée.","sources":[{"axis":"standing","basis":"EXISTING_APPROVED_EVIDENCE","locator":"Excerpt, paragraphs Second and Hence","reason_en":"Guardian access to court is part of the proposal, not an established entitlement.","reason_fr":"L’accès au juge par gardien appartient à la proposition, non à une habilitation acquise.","scope":"scholarly_proposal","source_title":"Should Trees Have Standing? Law, Morality, and the Environment","source_url":"https://blog.oup.com/2010/03/real-life-lorax/","term":"guardian_action","verified_at":"2026-11-07"}],"status":"QUALIFIED","terms":["guardian_action"],"verified_at":"2026-11-07"},"substantive_rights":{"basis":"AUTOMATIC_EVIDENCE_SUFFICIENCY_ASSESSMENT","reason_en":"The evidence currently available does not establish this axis; no targeted documentary lead is established at this stage. This revisable state means neither an absence of rights nor an absence of a legal mechanism.","reason_fr":"Les éléments actuellement disponibles ne permettent pas d’établir cet axe ; aucune piste documentaire ciblée n’est établie à ce stade. Cet état est révisable et ne signifie ni absence de droits ni absence de mécanisme juridique.","sources":[],"status":"INDETERMINABLE","terms":[]}},"qualified_axis_count":3,"uglc_method":"UGLC_EVIDENCE_RESOLUTION_3.0","record_version":"1608d53d920df8ec","provenance_url":"/api/v1/records/r-1a68728ad4e0bbb8d60733cda4fb35e8/provenance?snapshot=ledger-20261110-222051Z-490bf65e","author_identifiers":[],"institution_identifiers":[],"citation_data":{"id":"https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-1a68728ad4e0bbb8d60733cda4fb35e8/","type":"article-journal","URL":"https://www.declarationuniverselledesdroitsdelarbre.org/global-rights-of-nature-radar/reference/r-1a68728ad4e0bbb8d60733cda4fb35e8/","title":"Should Trees Have Standing?: Law, Morality, and the Environment","author":[{"literal":"Christopher D. Stone"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"language":"en","publisher":"Oxford University Press"},"legal_lifecycle":[],"source_link_assessment":[{"url":"https://global.oup.com/academic/product/should-trees-have-standing-9780199736072","exists_in_metadata":true,"syntactically_valid":true,"resolves":"NOT_CHECKED","http_verified_at":null,"source_role":"bibliographic","source_role_is_not_legal_validation":true,"full_text_accessible":"NOT_TESTED_METADATA_ONLY"},{"url":"https://openalex.org/W334650069","exists_in_metadata":true,"syntactically_valid":true,"resolves":"NOT_CHECKED","http_verified_at":null,"source_role":"discovery","source_role_is_not_legal_validation":true,"full_text_accessible":"NOT_TESTED_METADATA_ONLY"}],"legal_authority_status":"NOT_CONFERRED_BY_DISCOVERY"}